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plugins/i18n_subsites/README.rst deleted 100644 → 0
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=======================
I18N Sub-sites Plugin
=======================
This plugin extends the translations functionality by creating
internationalized sub-sites for the default site.
This plugin is designed for Pelican 3.4 and later.
What it does
============
1. When the content of the main site is being generated, the settings
are saved and the generation stops when content is ready to be
written. While reading source files and generating content objects,
the output queue is modified in certain ways:
- translations that will appear as native in a different (sub-)site
will be removed
- untranslated articles will be transformed to drafts if
``I18N_UNTRANSLATED_ARTICLES`` is ``'hide'`` (default), removed if
``'remove'`` or kept as they are if ``'keep'``.
- untranslated pages will be transformed into hidden pages if
``I18N_UNTRANSLATED_PAGES`` is ``'hide'`` (default), removed if
``'remove'`` or kept as they are if ``'keep'``.''
- additional content manipulation similar to articles and pages can
be specified for custom generators in the ``I18N_GENERATOR_INFO``
setting.
2. For each language specified in the ``I18N_SUBSITES`` dictionary the
settings overrides are applied to the settings from the main site
and a new sub-site is generated in the same way as with the main
site until content is ready to be written.
3. When all (sub-)sites are waiting for content writing, all removed
contents, translations and static files are interlinked across the
(sub-)sites.
4. Finally, all the output is written.
Setting it up
=============
For each extra used language code, a language-specific settings overrides
dictionary must be given (but can be empty) in the ``I18N_SUBSITES`` dictionary
.. code-block:: python
PLUGINS = ['i18n_subsites', ...]
# mapping: language_code -> settings_overrides_dict
I18N_SUBSITES = {
'cz': {
'SITENAME': 'Hezkej blog',
}
}
Default and special overrides
-----------------------------
The settings overrides may contain arbitrary settings, however, there
are some that are handled in a special way:
``SITEURL``
Any overrides to this setting should ensure that there is some level
of hierarchy between all (sub-)sites, because Pelican makes all URLs
relative to ``SITEURL`` and the plugin can only cross-link between
the sites using this hierarchy. For instance, with the main site
``http://example.com`` a sub-site ``http://example.com/de`` will
work, but ``http://de.example.com`` will not. If not overridden, the
language code (the language identifier used in the ``lang``
metadata) is appended to the main ``SITEURL`` for each sub-site.
``OUTPUT_PATH``, ``CACHE_PATH``
If not overridden, the language code is appended as with ``SITEURL``.
Separate cache paths are required as parser results depend on the locale.
``STATIC_PATHS``, ``THEME_STATIC_PATHS``
If not overridden, they are set to ``[]`` and all links to static
files are cross-linked to the main site.
``THEME``, ``THEME_STATIC_DIR``
If overridden, the logic with ``THEME_STATIC_PATHS`` does not apply.
``DEFAULT_LANG``
This should not be overridden as the plugin changes it to the
language code of each sub-site to change what is perceived as translations.
Localizing templates
--------------------
Most importantly, this plugin can use localized templates for each
sub-site. There are two approaches to having the templates localized:
- You can set a different ``THEME`` override for each language in
``I18N_SUBSITES``, e.g. by making a copy of a theme ``my_theme`` to
``my_theme_lang`` and then editing the templates in the new
localized theme. This approach means you don't have to deal with
gettext ``*.po`` files, but it is harder to maintain over time.
- You use only one theme and localize the templates using the
`jinja2.ext.i18n Jinja2 extension
<http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/templates/#i18n>`_. For a kickstart
read this `guide <./localizing_using_jinja2.rst>`_.
Additional context variables
............................
It may be convenient to add language buttons to your theme in addition
to the translation links of articles and pages. These buttons could,
for example, point to the ``SITEURL`` of each (sub-)site. For this
reason the plugin adds these variables to the template context:
``main_lang``
The language of the main site — the original ``DEFAULT_LANG``
``main_siteurl``
The ``SITEURL`` of the main site — the original ``SITEURL``
``lang_siteurls``
An ordered dictionary, mapping all used languages to their
``SITEURL``. The ``main_lang`` is the first key with ``main_siteurl``
as the value. This dictionary is useful for implementing global
language buttons that show the language of the currently viewed
(sub-)site too.
``extra_siteurls``
An ordered dictionary, subset of ``lang_siteurls``, the current
``DEFAULT_LANG`` of the rendered (sub-)site is not included, so for
each (sub-)site ``set(extra_siteurls) == set(lang_siteurls) -
set([DEFAULT_LANG])``. This dictionary is useful for implementing
global language buttons that do not show the current language.
``relpath_to_site``
A function that returns a relative path from the first (sub-)site to
the second (sub-)site where the (sub-)sites are identified by the
language codes given as two arguments.
If you don't like the default ordering of the ordered dictionaries,
use a Jinja2 filter to alter the ordering.
All the siteurls above are always absolute even in the case of
``RELATIVE_URLS == True`` (it would be to complicated to replicate the
Pelican internals for local siteurls), so you may rather use something
like ``{{ SITEURL }}/{{ relpath_to_site(DEFAULT_LANG, main_lang }}``
to link to the main site.
This short `howto <./implementing_language_buttons.rst>`_ shows two
example implementations of language buttons.
Usage notes
===========
- It is **mandatory** to specify ``lang`` metadata for each article
and page as ``DEFAULT_LANG`` is later changed for each sub-site, so
content without ``lang`` metadata would be rendered in every
(sub-)site.
- As with the original translations functionality, ``slug`` metadata
is used to group translations. It is therefore often convenient to
compensate for this by overriding the content URL (which defaults to
slug) using the ``url`` and ``save_as`` metadata. You could also
give articles e.g. ``name`` metadata and use it in ``ARTICLE_URL =
'{name}.html'``.
Development
===========
- A demo and a test site is in the ``gh-pages`` branch and can be seen
at http://smartass101.github.io/pelican-plugins/
plugins/i18n_subsites/__init__.py deleted 100644 → 0
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from .i18n_subsites import *
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plugins/i18n_subsites/i18n_subsites.py deleted 100644 → 0
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"""i18n_subsites plugin creates i18n-ized subsites of the default site
This plugin is designed for Pelican 3.4 and later
"""
import os
import six
import logging
import posixpath
from copy import copy
from itertools import chain
from operator import attrgetter
from collections import OrderedDict
from contextlib import contextmanager
from six.moves.urllib.parse import urlparse
import gettext
import locale
from pelican import signals
from pelican.generators import ArticlesGenerator, PagesGenerator
from pelican.settings import configure_settings
from pelican.contents import Draft
# Global vars
_MAIN_SETTINGS = None # settings dict of the main Pelican instance
_MAIN_LANG = None # lang of the main Pelican instance
_MAIN_SITEURL = None # siteurl of the main Pelican instance
_MAIN_STATIC_FILES = None # list of Static instances the main Pelican instance
_SUBSITE_QUEUE = {} # map: lang -> settings overrides
_SITE_DB = OrderedDict() # OrderedDict: lang -> siteurl
_SITES_RELPATH_DB = {} # map: (lang, base_lang) -> relpath
# map: generator -> list of removed contents that need interlinking
_GENERATOR_DB = {}
_NATIVE_CONTENT_URL_DB = {} # map: source_path -> content in its native lang
_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@contextmanager
def temporary_locale(temp_locale=None):
'''Enable code to run in a context with a temporary locale
Resets the locale back when exiting context.
Can set a temporary locale if provided
'''
orig_locale = locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL)
if temp_locale is not None:
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, temp_locale)
yield
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, orig_locale)
def initialize_dbs(settings):
'''Initialize internal DBs using the Pelican settings dict
This clears the DBs for e.g. autoreload mode to work
'''
global _MAIN_SETTINGS, _MAIN_SITEURL, _MAIN_LANG, _SUBSITE_QUEUE
_MAIN_SETTINGS = settings
_MAIN_LANG = settings['DEFAULT_LANG']
_MAIN_SITEURL = settings['SITEURL']
_SUBSITE_QUEUE = settings.get('I18N_SUBSITES', {}).copy()
prepare_site_db_and_overrides()
# clear databases in case of autoreload mode
_SITES_RELPATH_DB.clear()
_NATIVE_CONTENT_URL_DB.clear()
_GENERATOR_DB.clear()
def prepare_site_db_and_overrides():
'''Prepare overrides and create _SITE_DB
_SITE_DB.keys() need to be ready for filter_translations
'''
_SITE_DB.clear()
_SITE_DB[_MAIN_LANG] = _MAIN_SITEURL
# make sure it works for both root-relative and absolute
main_siteurl = '/' if _MAIN_SITEURL == '' else _MAIN_SITEURL
for lang, overrides in _SUBSITE_QUEUE.items():
if 'SITEURL' not in overrides:
overrides['SITEURL'] = posixpath.join(main_siteurl, lang)
_SITE_DB[lang] = overrides['SITEURL']
# default subsite hierarchy
if 'OUTPUT_PATH' not in overrides:
overrides['OUTPUT_PATH'] = os.path.join(
_MAIN_SETTINGS['OUTPUT_PATH'], lang)
if 'CACHE_PATH' not in overrides:
overrides['CACHE_PATH'] = os.path.join(
_MAIN_SETTINGS['CACHE_PATH'], lang)
if 'STATIC_PATHS' not in overrides:
overrides['STATIC_PATHS'] = []
if ('THEME' not in overrides and 'THEME_STATIC_DIR' not in overrides and
'THEME_STATIC_PATHS' not in overrides):
relpath = relpath_to_site(lang, _MAIN_LANG)
overrides['THEME_STATIC_DIR'] = posixpath.join(
relpath, _MAIN_SETTINGS['THEME_STATIC_DIR'])
overrides['THEME_STATIC_PATHS'] = []
# to change what is perceived as translations
overrides['DEFAULT_LANG'] = lang
def subscribe_filter_to_signals(settings):
'''Subscribe content filter to requested signals'''
for sig in settings.get('I18N_FILTER_SIGNALS', []):
sig.connect(filter_contents_translations)
def initialize_plugin(pelican_obj):
'''Initialize plugin variables and Pelican settings'''
if _MAIN_SETTINGS is None:
initialize_dbs(pelican_obj.settings)
subscribe_filter_to_signals(pelican_obj.settings)
def get_site_path(url):
'''Get the path component of an url, excludes siteurl
also normalizes '' to '/' for relpath to work,
otherwise it could be interpreted as a relative filesystem path
'''
path = urlparse(url).path
if path == '':
path = '/'
return path
def relpath_to_site(lang, target_lang):
'''Get relative path from siteurl of lang to siteurl of base_lang
the output is cached in _SITES_RELPATH_DB
'''
path = _SITES_RELPATH_DB.get((lang, target_lang), None)
if path is None:
siteurl = _SITE_DB.get(lang, _MAIN_SITEURL)
target_siteurl = _SITE_DB.get(target_lang, _MAIN_SITEURL)
path = posixpath.relpath(get_site_path(target_siteurl),
get_site_path(siteurl))
_SITES_RELPATH_DB[(lang, target_lang)] = path
return path
def save_generator(generator):
'''Save the generator for later use
initialize the removed content list
'''
_GENERATOR_DB[generator] = []
def article2draft(article):
'''Transform an Article to Draft'''
draft = Draft(article._content, article.metadata, article.settings,
article.source_path, article._context)
draft.status = 'draft'
return draft
def page2hidden_page(page):
'''Transform a Page to a hidden Page'''
page.status = 'hidden'
return page
class GeneratorInspector(object):
'''Inspector of generator instances'''
generators_info = {
ArticlesGenerator: {
'translations_lists': ['translations', 'drafts_translations'],
'contents_lists': [('articles', 'drafts')],
'hiding_func': article2draft,
'policy': 'I18N_UNTRANSLATED_ARTICLES',
},
PagesGenerator: {
'translations_lists': ['translations', 'hidden_translations'],
'contents_lists': [('pages', 'hidden_pages')],
'hiding_func': page2hidden_page,
'policy': 'I18N_UNTRANSLATED_PAGES',
},
}
def __init__(self, generator):
'''Identify the best known class of the generator instance
The class '''
self.generator = generator
self.generators_info.update(generator.settings.get(
'I18N_GENERATORS_INFO', {}))
for cls in generator.__class__.__mro__:
if cls in self.generators_info:
self.info = self.generators_info[cls]
break
else:
self.info = {}
def translations_lists(self):
'''Iterator over lists of content translations'''
return (getattr(self.generator, name) for name in
self.info.get('translations_lists', []))
def contents_list_pairs(self):
'''Iterator over pairs of normal and hidden contents'''
return (tuple(getattr(self.generator, name) for name in names)
for names in self.info.get('contents_lists', []))
def hiding_function(self):
'''Function for transforming content to a hidden version'''
hiding_func = self.info.get('hiding_func', lambda x: x)
return hiding_func
def untranslated_policy(self, default):
'''Get the policy for untranslated content'''
return self.generator.settings.get(self.info.get('policy', None),
default)
def all_contents(self):
'''Iterator over all contents'''
translations_iterator = chain(*self.translations_lists())
return chain(translations_iterator,
*(pair[i] for pair in self.contents_list_pairs()
for i in (0, 1)))
def filter_contents_translations(generator):
'''Filter the content and translations lists of a generator
Filters out
1) translations which will be generated in a different site
2) content that is not in the language of the currently
generated site but in that of a different site, content in a
language which has no site is generated always. The filtering
method bay be modified by the respective untranslated policy
'''
inspector = GeneratorInspector(generator)
current_lang = generator.settings['DEFAULT_LANG']
langs_with_sites = _SITE_DB.keys()
removed_contents = _GENERATOR_DB[generator]
for translations in inspector.translations_lists():
for translation in translations[:]: # copy to be able to remove
if translation.lang in langs_with_sites:
translations.remove(translation)
removed_contents.append(translation)
hiding_func = inspector.hiding_function()
untrans_policy = inspector.untranslated_policy(default='hide')
for (contents, other_contents) in inspector.contents_list_pairs():
for content in other_contents: # save any hidden native content first
if content.lang == current_lang: # in native lang
# save the native URL attr formatted in the current locale
_NATIVE_CONTENT_URL_DB[content.source_path] = content.url
for content in contents[:]: # copy for removing in loop
if content.lang == current_lang: # in native lang
# save the native URL attr formatted in the current locale
_NATIVE_CONTENT_URL_DB[content.source_path] = content.url
elif content.lang in langs_with_sites and untrans_policy != 'keep':
contents.remove(content)
if untrans_policy == 'hide':
other_contents.append(hiding_func(content))
elif untrans_policy == 'remove':
removed_contents.append(content)
def install_templates_translations(generator):
'''Install gettext translations in the jinja2.Environment
Only if the 'jinja2.ext.i18n' jinja2 extension is enabled
the translations for the current DEFAULT_LANG are installed.
'''
if 'JINJA_ENVIRONMENT' in generator.settings: # pelican 3.7+
jinja_extensions = generator.settings['JINJA_ENVIRONMENT'].get(
'extensions', [])
else:
jinja_extensions = generator.settings['JINJA_EXTENSIONS']
if 'jinja2.ext.i18n' in jinja_extensions:
domain = generator.settings.get('I18N_GETTEXT_DOMAIN', 'messages')
localedir = generator.settings.get('I18N_GETTEXT_LOCALEDIR')
if localedir is None:
localedir = os.path.join(generator.theme, 'translations')
current_lang = generator.settings['DEFAULT_LANG']
if current_lang == generator.settings.get('I18N_TEMPLATES_LANG',
_MAIN_LANG):
translations = gettext.NullTranslations()
else:
langs = [current_lang]
try:
translations = gettext.translation(domain, localedir, langs)
except (IOError, OSError):
_LOGGER.error((
"Cannot find translations for language '{}' in '{}' with "
"domain '{}'. Installing NullTranslations.").format(
langs[0], localedir, domain))
translations = gettext.NullTranslations()
newstyle = generator.settings.get('I18N_GETTEXT_NEWSTYLE', True)
generator.env.install_gettext_translations(translations, newstyle)
def add_variables_to_context(generator):
'''Adds useful iterable variables to template context'''
context = generator.context # minimize attr lookup
context['relpath_to_site'] = relpath_to_site
context['main_siteurl'] = _MAIN_SITEURL
context['main_lang'] = _MAIN_LANG
context['lang_siteurls'] = _SITE_DB
current_lang = generator.settings['DEFAULT_LANG']
extra_siteurls = _SITE_DB.copy()
extra_siteurls.pop(current_lang)
context['extra_siteurls'] = extra_siteurls
def interlink_translations(content):
'''Link content to translations in their main language
so the URL (including localized month names) of the different subsites
will be honored
'''
lang = content.lang
# sort translations by lang
content.translations.sort(key=attrgetter('lang'))
for translation in content.translations:
relpath = relpath_to_site(lang, translation.lang)
url = _NATIVE_CONTENT_URL_DB[translation.source_path]
translation.override_url = posixpath.join(relpath, url)
def interlink_translated_content(generator):
'''Make translations link to the native locations
for generators that may contain translated content
'''
inspector = GeneratorInspector(generator)
for content in inspector.all_contents():
interlink_translations(content)
def interlink_removed_content(generator):
'''For all contents removed from generation queue update interlinks
link to the native location
'''
current_lang = generator.settings['DEFAULT_LANG']
for content in _GENERATOR_DB[generator]:
url = _NATIVE_CONTENT_URL_DB[content.source_path]
relpath = relpath_to_site(current_lang, content.lang)
content.override_url = posixpath.join(relpath, url)
def interlink_static_files(generator):
'''Add links to static files in the main site if necessary'''
if generator.settings['STATIC_PATHS'] != []:
return # customized STATIC_PATHS
filenames = generator.context['filenames'] # minimize attr lookup
relpath = relpath_to_site(generator.settings['DEFAULT_LANG'], _MAIN_LANG)
for staticfile in _MAIN_STATIC_FILES:
if staticfile.get_relative_source_path() not in filenames:
staticfile = copy(staticfile) # prevent override in main site
staticfile.override_url = posixpath.join(relpath, staticfile.url)
generator.add_source_path(staticfile)
def save_main_static_files(static_generator):
'''Save the static files generated for the main site'''
global _MAIN_STATIC_FILES
# test just for current lang as settings change in autoreload mode
if static_generator.settings['DEFAULT_LANG'] == _MAIN_LANG:
_MAIN_STATIC_FILES = static_generator.staticfiles
def update_generators():
'''Update the context of all generators
Ads useful variables and translations into the template context
and interlink translations
'''
for generator in _GENERATOR_DB.keys():
install_templates_translations(generator)
add_variables_to_context(generator)
interlink_static_files(generator)
interlink_removed_content(generator)
interlink_translated_content(generator)
def get_pelican_cls(settings):
'''Get the Pelican class requested in settings'''
cls = settings['PELICAN_CLASS']
if isinstance(cls, six.string_types):
module, cls_name = cls.rsplit('.', 1)
module = __import__(module)
cls = getattr(module, cls_name)
return cls
def create_next_subsite(pelican_obj):
'''Create the next subsite using the lang-specific config
If there are no more subsites in the generation queue, update all
the generators (interlink translations and removed content, add
variables and translations to template context). Otherwise get the
language and overrides for next the subsite in the queue and apply
overrides. Then generate the subsite using a PELICAN_CLASS
instance and its run method. Finally, restore the previous locale.
'''
global _MAIN_SETTINGS
if len(_SUBSITE_QUEUE) == 0:
_LOGGER.debug(
'i18n: Updating cross-site links and context of all generators.')
update_generators()
_MAIN_SETTINGS = None # to initialize next time
else:
with temporary_locale():
settings = _MAIN_SETTINGS.copy()
lang, overrides = _SUBSITE_QUEUE.popitem()
settings.update(overrides)
settings = configure_settings(settings) # to set LOCALE, etc.
cls = get_pelican_cls(settings)
new_pelican_obj = cls(settings)
_LOGGER.debug(("Generating i18n subsite for language '{}' "
"using class {}").format(lang, cls))
new_pelican_obj.run()
# map: signal name -> function name
_SIGNAL_HANDLERS_DB = {
'get_generators': initialize_plugin,
'article_generator_pretaxonomy': filter_contents_translations,
'page_generator_finalized': filter_contents_translations,
'get_writer': create_next_subsite,
'static_generator_finalized': save_main_static_files,
'generator_init': save_generator,
}
def register():
'''Register the plugin only if required signals are available'''
for sig_name in _SIGNAL_HANDLERS_DB.keys():
if not hasattr(signals, sig_name):
_LOGGER.error((
'The i18n_subsites plugin requires the {} '
'signal available for sure in Pelican 3.4.0 and later, '
'plugin will not be used.').format(sig_name))
return
for sig_name, handler in _SIGNAL_HANDLERS_DB.items():
sig = getattr(signals, sig_name)
sig.connect(handler)
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-----------------------------
Implementing language buttons
-----------------------------
Each article with translations has translations links, but that's the
only way to switch between language subsites.
For this reason it is convenient to add language buttons to the top
menu bar to make it simple to switch between the language subsites on
all pages.
Example designs
---------------
Language buttons showing other available languages
..................................................
The ``extra_siteurls`` dictionary is a mapping of all other (not the
``DEFAULT_LANG`` of the current (sub-)site) languages to the
``SITEURL`` of the respective (sub-)sites
.. code-block:: jinja
<!-- SNIP -->
<nav><ul>
{% if extra_siteurls %}
{% for lang, url in extra_siteurls.items() %}
<li><a href="{{ url }}/">{{ lang }}</a></li>
{% endfor %}
<!-- separator -->
<li style="background-color: white; padding: 5px;">&nbsp</li>
{% endif %}
{% for title, link in MENUITEMS %}
<!-- SNIP -->
Notice the slash ``/`` after ``{{ url }}``, this makes sure it works
with local development when ``SITEURL == ''``.
Language buttons showing all available languages, current is active
...................................................................
The ``extra_siteurls`` dictionary is a mapping of all languages to the
``SITEURL`` of the respective (sub-)sites. This template sets the
language of the current (sub-)site as active.
.. code-block:: jinja
<!-- SNIP -->
<nav><ul>
{% if lang_siteurls %}
{% for lang, url in lang_siteurls.items() %}
<li{% if lang == DEFAULT_LANG %} class="active"{% endif %}><a href="{{ url }}/">{{ lang }}</a></li>
{% endfor %}
<!-- separator -->
<li style="background-color: white; padding: 5px;">&nbsp</li>
{% endif %}
{% for title, link in MENUITEMS %}
<!-- SNIP -->
Tips and tricks
---------------
Showing more than language codes
................................
If you want the language buttons to show e.g. the names of the
languages or flags [#flags]_, not just the language codes, you can use
a jinja filter to translate the language codes
.. code-block:: python
languages_lookup = {
'en': 'English',
'cz': 'Čeština',
}
def lookup_lang_name(lang_code):
return languages_lookup[lang_code]
JINJA_FILTERS = {
...
'lookup_lang_name': lookup_lang_name,
}
And then the link content becomes
.. code-block:: jinja
<!-- SNIP -->
{% for lang, siteurl in lang_siteurls.items() %}
<li{% if lang == DEFAULT_LANG %} class="active"{% endif %}><a href="{{ siteurl }}/">{{ lang | lookup_lang_name }}</a></li>
{% endfor %}
<!-- SNIP -->
Changing the order of language buttons
......................................
Because ``lang_siteurls`` and ``extra_siteurls`` are instances of
``OrderedDict`` with ``main_lang`` being always the first key, you can
change the order through a jinja filter.
.. code-block:: python
def my_ordered_items(ordered_dict):
items = list(ordered_dict.items())
# swap first and last using tuple unpacking
items[0], items[-1] = items[-1], items[0]
return items
JINJA_FILTERS = {
...
'my_ordered_items': my_ordered_items,
}
And then the ``for`` loop line in the template becomes
.. code-block:: jinja
<!-- SNIP -->
{% for lang, siteurl in lang_siteurls | my_ordered_items %}
<!-- SNIP -->
.. [#flags] Although it may look nice, `w3 discourages it
<http://www.w3.org/TR/i18n-html-tech-lang/#ri20040808.173208643>`_.
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-----------------------------
Localizing themes with Jinja2
-----------------------------
1. Localize templates
---------------------
To enable the |ext| extension in your templates, you must add it to
``JINJA_EXTENSIONS`` in your Pelican configuration
.. code-block:: python
JINJA_EXTENSIONS = ['jinja2.ext.i18n', ...]
Then follow the `Jinja2 templating documentation for the I18N plugin
<http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/templates/#i18n>`_ to make your templates
localizable. This usually means surrounding strings with the ``{%
trans %}`` directive or using ``gettext()`` in expressions
.. code-block:: jinja
{% trans %}translatable content{% endtrans %}
{{ gettext('a translatable string') }}
For pluralization support, etc. consult the documentation.
To enable `newstyle gettext calls
<http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/extensions/#newstyle-gettext>`_ the
``I18N_GETTEXT_NEWSTYLE`` config variable must be set to ``True``
(default).
.. |ext| replace:: ``jinja2.ext.i18n``
2. Specify translations location
--------------------------------
The |ext| extension uses the `Python gettext library
<http://docs.python.org/library/gettext.html>`_ for translating
strings.
In your Pelican config you can give the path in which to look for
translations in the ``I18N_GETTEXT_LOCALEDIR`` variable. If not given,
it is assumed to be the ``translations`` subfolder in the top folder
of the theme specified by ``THEME``.
The domain of the translations (the name of each translation file is
``domain.mo``) is controlled by the ``I18N_GETTEXT_DOMAIN`` config
variable (defaults to ``messages``).
Example
.......
With the following in your Pelican settings file
.. code-block:: python
I18N_GETTEXT_LOCALEDIR = 'some/path/'
I18N_GETTEXT_DOMAIN = 'my_domain'
the translation for language 'cz' will be expected to be in
``some/path/cz/LC_MESSAGES/my_domain.mo``
3. Extract translatable strings and translate them
--------------------------------------------------
There are many ways to extract translatable strings and create
``gettext`` compatible translations. You can create the ``*.po`` and
``*.mo`` message catalog files yourself, or you can use some helper
tool as described in `the Python gettext library tutorial
<http://docs.python.org/library/gettext.html#internationalizing-your-programs-and-modules>`_.
You of course don't need to provide a translation for the language in
which the templates are written which is assumed to be the original
``DEFAULT_LANG``. This can be overridden in the
``I18N_TEMPLATES_LANG`` variable.
Recommended tool: babel
.......................
`Babel <http://babel.pocoo.org/>`_ makes it easy to extract
translatable strings from the localized Jinja2 templates and assists
with creating translations as documented in this `Jinja2-Babel
tutorial
<http://pythonhosted.org/Flask-Babel/#translating-applications>`_
[#flask]_ on which the following is based.
1. Add babel mapping
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Let's assume that you are localizing a theme in ``themes/my_theme/``
and that you use the default settings, i.e. the default domain
``messages`` and will put the translations in the ``translations``
subdirectory of the theme directory as
``themes/my_theme/translations/``.
It is up to you where to store babel mappings and translation files
templates (``*.pot``), but a convenient place is to put them in
``themes/my_theme/`` and work in that directory. From now on let's
assume that it will be our current working directory (CWD).
To tell babel to extract translatable strings from the templates
create a mapping file ``babel.cfg`` with the following line
.. code-block:: cfg
[jinja2: templates/**.html]
2. Extract translatable strings from templates
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Run the following command to create a ``messages.pot`` message catalog
template file from extracted translatable strings
.. code-block:: bash
pybabel extract --mapping babel.cfg --output messages.pot ./
3. Initialize message catalogs
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If you want to translate the template to language ``lang``, run the
following command to create a message catalog
``translations/lang/LC_MESSAGES/messages.po`` using the template
``messages.pot``
.. code-block:: bash
pybabel init --input-file messages.pot --output-dir translations/ --locale lang --domain messages
babel expects ``lang`` to be a valid locale identifier, so if e.g. you
are translating for language ``cz`` but the corresponding locale is
``cs``, you have to use the locale identifier. Nevertheless, the
gettext infrastructure should later correctly find the locale for a
given language.
4. Fill the message catalogs
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The message catalog files format is quite intuitive, it is fully
documented in the `GNU gettext manual
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html#PO-Files>`_. Essentially,
you fill in the ``msgstr`` strings
.. code-block:: po
msgid "just a simple string"
msgstr "jenom jednoduchý řetězec"
msgid ""
"some multiline string"
"looks like this"
msgstr ""
"nějaký více řádkový řetězec"
"vypadá takto"
You might also want to remove ``#,fuzzy`` flags once the translation
is complete and reviewed to show that it can be compiled.
5. Compile the message catalogs
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The message catalogs must be compiled into binary format using this
command
.. code-block:: bash
pybabel compile --directory translations/ --domain messages
This command might complain about "fuzzy" translations, which means
you should review the translations and once done, remove the fuzzy
flag line.
(6.) Update the catalogs when templates change
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If you add any translatable patterns into your templates, you have to
update your message catalogs too. First you extract a new message
catalog template as described in the 2. step. Then you run the
following command [#pybabel_error]_
.. code-block:: bash
pybabel update --input-file messages.pot --output-dir translations/ --domain messages
This will merge the new patterns with the old ones. Once you review
and fill them, you have to recompile them as described in the 5. step.
.. [#flask] Although the tutorial is focused on Flask-based web
applications, the linked translation tutorial is not
Flask-specific.
.. [#pybabel_error] If you get an error ``TypeError: must be str, not
bytes`` with Python 3.3, it is likely you are
suffering from this `bug
<https://github.com/mitsuhiko/flask-babel/issues/43>`_.
Until the fix is released, you can use babel with
Python 2.7.
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404 stránka
===========
:slug: 404
:lang: cz
:status: hidden
Jednoduchá 404 stránka.
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Eine 404 Seite
==============
:slug: 404
:lang: de
:status: hidden
Eine einfache 404 Seite.
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A 404 page
==========
:slug: 404
:lang: en
:status: hidden
A simple 404 page.
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Untranslated page
=================
:lang: en
This page has no translation.
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Přeložený článek
================
:slug: translated-article
:lang: cz
:date: 2014-09-15
Jednoduchý článek s překlady.
Zde je odkaz na `nějaký obrázek <{filename}/images/img.png>`_.
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Ein übersetzter Artikel
=======================
:slug: translated-article
:lang: de
:date: 2014-09-14
Ein einfacher Artikel mit einer Übersetzung.
Hier ist ein Link zur `einigem Bild <{filename}/images/img.png>`_.
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A translated article
====================
:slug: translated-article
:lang: en
:date: 2014-09-13
A simple article with a translation.
Here is a link to `some image <{filename}/images/img.png>`_.
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An untranslated article
=======================
:date: 2014-07-14
:lang: en
An article without a translation.
Here is a link to an `untranslated page`_
.. _`untranslated page`: {filename}/pages/untranslated-page.rst
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[jinja2: templates/**.html]
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# Translations template for PROJECT.
# Copyright (C) 2014 ORGANIZATION
# This file is distributed under the same license as the PROJECT project.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, 2014.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PROJECT VERSION\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: EMAIL@ADDRESS\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-13 12:25+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Generated-By: Babel 1.3\n"
#: templates/base.html:3
msgid "Welcome to our"
msgstr ""
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{% extends "!simple/base.html" %}
{% block title %}{% trans %}Welcome to our{% endtrans %} {{ SITENAME }}{% endblock %}
{% block head %}
{{ super() }}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ SITEURL }}/{{ THEME_STATIC_DIR }}/style.css" />
{% endblock %}